The fourth part analyzes human passions, which Spinoza sees as aspects of the mind that direct us outwards to seek what gives pleasure and shun what gives pain. The "bondage" he refers to is domination by these passions or "affects" as he calls them. Spinoza considers how the affects, ungoverned, can torment people and make it impossible for mankind to live in harmony with one another.
Find pdf, epub and mobi files bellow:
In the third part of the Ethics, Spinoza argues that all things, including human...
MoreSpinoza agreed with Thomas Hobbes that if each man had to fend for himself, with...
MoreThe epigraph of the work is "foederis aequalis / Dicamus leges" (Virgil, Aeneid...
More